Diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with absolute or relative insufficiency of insulin in the body and characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism and other metabolic disorders. Simply put, diabetes is not a disease in the full sense, but an improper lifestyle and diet. Therefore, nutrition in diabetes mellitus plays an important role in the patient's well-being.
Foods to include and avoid in type 2 diabetes
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus should be correct and include foods with a low glycemic index (10 to 40) in the diet:
- vegetables: tomatoes, aubergines, cabbage, cucumbers, zucchini, green beans and other green vegetables;
- eggs;
- various mushrooms and nuts;
- fruits and berries: cherries, cranberries, cranberries, plums, pears, apples, gooseberries, strawberries, strawberries and fruit juices;
- citrus fruits: lemon, orange, mandarin and grapefruit;
- products based on cereals and semolina: barley bread, rice bran, oatmeal, buckwheat, spaghetti and durum wheat semolina pasta;
- diet meat: poultry, rabbit, turkey, veal;
- lean fish and seafood products;
- dark chocolate;
- cold pressed linseed oil;
- mineral water.
Limitsthe consumption of foods with a medium glycemic index (40 to 70)
- dairy products: kefir, milk, yogurt;
- fat-free or low-fat;
- vegetables: beets (boiled and stewed), carrots, legumes;
- wholemeal bread, rye bread, black bread, leavened bread;
- fresh and canned pineapple;
- apple and grape juice, without sugar;
- instant oatmeal;
- jam;
- raisins, melon, kiwi;
- industrial mayonnaise;
- canned corn;
- wheat flour pancakes;
- brown rice
Eliminatefoods with a high glycemic index (from 70 to 100) from the diet
- watermelon;
- cereals and wheat bread;
- corn flakes;
- French fries and baked;
- caramel and honey, jam, sweets, sugar;
- white bread;
- alcohol and carbonated and non-carbonated sweet drinks;
- coffee, tea, replacing them with chicory, green tea and blueberry leaf tea;
- sweet fruit: grapes, bananas;
- semolina;
- processed meat products: sausages, frankfurters, sausages, potatoes, smoked meat.
Along with medications prescribed by the doctor, it is necessary to use medicinal plants: chicory, blueberry leaves, dandelion root, cuff, bean flaps and a collection of herbs that reduce sugar.
Furthermore, diabetics are shown an active lifestyle, move more, walk up to 2km a day, climb stairs, do physical work, unless you have suffered a heart attack or stroke. Adjust the sleep pattern, sleep at least 7 hours a day, go to bed no later than 1am.
Basic steps and dietary rules for type 2 diabetes
It is no secret that obese people suffer from diabetes mellitus.
The first step of the diet-2 weeks, get rid of the extra pounds. During this time, eat only foods with a low glycemic index.
With a high blood sugar content, food is strictly recommended 3 times a day, no snacks, so the insulin will have time to be used. Instead of snacks, drink water or eat fruit.
Portions should be small, as nutritionists say, one portion should fit in the palm of your hand.
The second step of the diet- 15 days, consolidation of results. During this time, we eat foods with a medium and low glycemic index. Limitation of sugar, honey, baked goods, potatoes, bananas, white rice and corn.
The third step of the dietis for the rest of your life, keeping fit and following the rules. The menu should be low to medium glycemic.
Based on my experience, I am a diabetic with 11 years of experience, I know that 70% of my well-being depends on what you ate for breakfast, lunch and dinner and 20% on activity during the day and only10% from drugs. . .
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus at BREAKFAST a list of dishes
You can prepare the following for breakfast:
- Oatmeal - on natural cereals and low-fat milk, with the addition of a small amount of berries, raisins, dried apricots.
- Muesli or bran - with low-fat milk or yogurt.
- Buckwheat porridge with milk or boiled: tongue, rabbit, meat; or a meatball, meat soufflé.
- Freshly made toast with a slice of wholemeal bread cheese.
- Low-fat or low-fat cottage cheese, with sour cream, yogurt or low-fat kefir.
- Cheesecake with sour cream.
- Cabbage or potato cutlets with sour cream.
- Green tea based on natural herbs. Tea with milk.
- Fruits: pears, apples, oranges, grapefruits.
- Boiled eggs with homemade mayonnaise.
- Squid omelette.
- Cabbage casserole in the oven.
- Zucchini casserole.
- Meat pudding.
Diabetes mellitus meals at LUNCH list of dishes
A normal lunch consists of salads, first and second courses, desserts and drinks. The following dishes are offered for lunch:
Salads:
The basis of salads can be lettuce leaves, fresh cabbage, incl. and Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, fresh vegetables (radishes, radishes, cucumbers, tomatoes), celery, broccoli, mushrooms, cheeses and fruits.
First courses:
- Soups:
- Vegetarian Vegetarian;
- pearl barley and buckwheat with mushrooms;
- rice with egg;
- with cauliflower;
- with peas, beans;
- pickled;
- fish with celery;
- vegetables with chicken;
- Lean borsch with sour cream.
Second courses:
- Boiled meat or stew with stewed cabbage.
- Beef stroganoff with mashed potatoes.
- Goulash with boiled potatoes.
- Boiled chicken with millet porridge.
- Mexican pita with feta cheese and mushrooms.
- Sandwiches to your taste, made with wholemeal bread.
Dessert:
- Lemon jelly without sugar.
- Carrot cake.
- Ricotta soufflé.
- Microwave stevia chocolate cake.
- Pumpkin cheesecake without sugar and semolina.
- Diet cake.
- Baked apples.
Drinks
- Tomato juice.
- Kefir or kefir with cinnamon.
- Rosehip broth or tea.
- Milk thistle tea (for weight loss).
- Fruit compote with sweetener.
Nutrition for diabetes mellitus on the food list at DINNER
Dinner items can be:
- Cabbage rolls stuffed with vegetables.
- Boiled lean fish.
- Carrot and apple meatballs with kefir.
- Carrot puree with sour cream.
- Stewed cabbage.
- Vegetable casserole.
1 hour before going to sleep
- a glass of kefir;
The above list of dishes is advice, but you need to develop your menu and focus on your well-being.